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Internet and technology
How to calculate how long a download will take
File sizes are usually shown in bytes, while broadband speeds are advertised in bits per second. Converting between them correctly is the key to a reliable estimate.
Read the guide→02⌂
Home and mortgages
How to calculate a mortgage payment and total cost
A lower monthly payment does not automatically mean a cheaper mortgage. Compare principal, nominal rate, term, total interest and the fees represented by the APR.
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Salary and work
Gross to net salary: what really changes take-home pay
There is no single percentage that turns gross annual pay into take-home pay. Contributions, taxable income, progressive tax, allowances and payment frequency all matter.
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Home and energy bills
How much electricity does an air fryer use?
The rated wattage alone does not tell you the cost. Electricity use depends on kilowatts, actual running time, frequency and the price paid per kWh.
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Cars and travel
How to calculate the real cost of a car journey
Distance, fuel economy, fuel price and tolls are enough to estimate the cash needed for a trip. Full economic cost also includes wear, maintenance and depreciation.
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